General

Category: General

Breaking into Machine Learning and AI: A Guide to Entry-Level Roles

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are among the most exciting and fast-growing fields in technology today. From recommendation engines and virtual assistants to self-driving cars and fraud detection systems, these technologies are rapidly transforming industries.

But how do you get started in this field—especially if you’re just finishing school or looking to shift into AI from another discipline? This guide will walk you through what entry-level AI/ML jobs look like, what skills they require, and how to begin building a career in this space.

What Are Entry-Level AI and ML Jobs?

Entry-level AI/ML jobs are positions that typically require a solid foundation in mathematics, statistics, and programming, but do not necessarily require years of experience or a graduate degree. These roles often include:

1. Machine Learning Engineer (Junior)

  • Builds, tests, and improves models that automate tasks or make predictions.
  • Works with data scientists and software engineers to integrate ML models into products.

2. Data Scientist (Entry-Level)

  • Cleans and analyzes data, builds statistical models, and communicates insights.
  • May use ML techniques for classification, regression, and clustering tasks.

3. AI/ML Research Assistant

  • Supports research teams with model development and literature reviews.
  • Often found in academic institutions or R&D teams in industry.

4. Data Analyst (with ML Exposure)

  • Focuses on exploratory data analysis and may use basic machine learning models for forecasting or segmentation.

5. ML Ops / AI Product Associate

  • Assists in deploying, monitoring, and maintaining ML models in production.
  • Works closely with DevOps and product teams.

What Skills Are Needed?

While requirements vary by role and company, most entry-level ML/AI jobs expect some combination of the following:

Technical Skills

  • Programming: Python (most common), R, SQL
  • Libraries/Frameworks: Scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch, Pandas, NumPy
  • Mathematics: Linear algebra, probability, statistics, calculus
  • Machine Learning Concepts: Supervised/unsupervised learning, overfitting, model evaluation
  • Data Handling: Data cleaning, feature engineering, visualization
  • Version Control: Git/GitHub

Soft Skills

  • Problem-solving mindset
  • Communication and storytelling with data
  • Curiosity and willingness to learn

Do You Need a Master’s or PhD?

Not necessarily. While many research roles require advanced degrees, many industry positions are accessible with a bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Data Science, Engineering, or related fields, especially if you supplement your education with hands-on projects and internships.

How to Gain Experience

If you’re just starting out, here are practical steps to build your profile:

  • Complete Online Courses or Certifications: Platforms like Coursera, edX, and Udacity offer courses from top universities and companies.
  • Work on Projects: Build ML models for real-world datasets (Kaggle is a great place to start).
  • Contribute to Open Source: Join GitHub repositories or ML-related projects to collaborate and showcase your skills.
  • Internships and Co-Ops: Many companies offer internships that involve ML and data science work—great stepping stones to full-time roles.

Companies Hiring for Entry-Level AI/ML Roles

  • Tech Giants: Google, Meta, Microsoft, Amazon, Apple
  • Startups: AI-focused startups often look for energetic generalists with practical skills
  • Finance & Healthcare: Firms like JPMorgan Chase, UnitedHealth Group, and CVS Health are investing heavily in AI talent
  • Retail and Logistics: Walmart, Target, and UPS use ML for customer experience, inventory forecasting, and logistics

The field of machine learning and AI is constantly evolving, and the demand for skilled professionals continues to rise. Entry-level roles in this space are competitive, but with the right combination of technical foundations, practical experience, and curiosity, you can carve out a rewarding career path. Start small, stay consistent, and build your skills one project at a time.

Economics and Business Analytics double major and a Data Science minor at Lawrence University as well as an Event Coordinator at Pan Asian Organization and Social Media Manager at LU Data Science Club. Connect with Nadika in LinkedIn

Leadership Development Programs and Rotational Programs

For students and early-career professionals exploring post-graduate opportunities, Leadership Development Programs (LDPs) and Rotational Programs offer a unique and structured pathway to gain experience, build skills, and grow into leadership roles.

What Is a Leadership Development or Rotational Program?

Leadership Development Programs are structured initiatives, typically offered by large organizations, designed to develop future leaders. They often span one to three years and focus on accelerating the professional growth of high-potential talent through targeted experiences, mentorship, and training.

Rotational Programs are a specific type of LDP where participants cycle through multiple departments or roles within the company. These rotations are planned to expose participants to various aspects of the business—such as marketing, operations, finance, and product development—helping them build a broad foundation of knowledge and skills.

Common Features:

  • Structured rotations across departments or business units
  • Formal learning and leadership training
  • Hands-on experience with real business challenges
  • Access to mentors and senior leadership
  • Clear career progression and performance evaluations

Why Might You Want to Do One?

Explore Different Career Paths

One of the most compelling reasons to join a rotational program is the opportunity to explore several areas within a company before committing to a specific role or career track. This is ideal for individuals who are multi-interested or unsure of what they want to specialize in early in their careers.

Accelerated Career Growth

These programs are often designed to fast-track participants into management roles. Through structured learning and early responsibility, participants can move more quickly into positions of influence compared to traditional entry-level pathways.

Develop a Broad Skill Set

Rotating across functions allows participants to understand how different parts of the organization operate and how they interconnect. This cross-functional exposure is critical for strategic thinking and future leadership.

Build a Strong Professional Network

Participants in LDPs often become part of a cohort, creating lasting professional connections with peers. In addition, these programs typically include access to mentors, exposure to executives, and networking events that can be beneficial for long-term career development.

Gain Global or Strategic Experience

Many multinational companies offer global rotations or placements in high-priority strategic projects. This can enhance your understanding of international business and position you well for global leadership roles.

Examples of Companies Offering These Programs

  • General Electric: Early Career Leadership Programs in Finance, Digital Technology, and Engineering
  • PepsiCo: Leadership Development Programs in Marketing, Sales, and Supply Chain
  • Deloitte: Rotational Analyst Programs in Consulting and Strategy
  • Google: Associate Product Manager (APM) Program
  • Unilever: Future Leaders Program (UFLP) across functions such as Finance, Marketing, and Supply Chain

Who Should Consider These Programs?

Leadership Development and Rotational Programs are well-suited for individuals who:

  • Are curious and open to learning across disciplines
  • Thrive in dynamic, fast-paced environments
  • Aspire to become leaders or take on strategic roles
  • Want a structured yet flexible career path with long-term growth opportunities

Conclusion

Leadership Development and Rotational Programs provide an excellent platform for launching a successful career. They combine hands-on experience with strategic learning opportunities, enabling participants to grow professionally while gaining a comprehensive understanding of business operations. For those seeking a well-supported, high-impact start to their careers, these programs are worth serious consideration.

Economics and Business Analytics double major and a Data Science minor at Lawrence University as well as an Event Coordinator at Pan Asian Organization and Social Media Manager at LU Data Science Club. Connect with Nadika in LinkedIn

🎮 Video Gaming and Learning: A Powerful (and Often Overlooked) Duo in Medicine and Science

When we think of video games, we often picture late-night matches, quick reflexes, and colorful graphics—not anatomy labs or operating rooms. But research is changing that narrative. Educators and researchers increasingly recognize the surprising ways video games can support learning and skill-building in medicine, health, and the sciences.

From boosting cognitive flexibility to improving surgical precision, video games—both commercial and educational—are emerging as unconventional yet effective tools for student and professional development in science and healthcare.

🧠 Gaming for Cognitive and Scientific Skill-Building

Scientific and health-focused learning demands more than memorization. It requires spatial reasoning, critical thinking, problem-solving, and quick decision-making—all of which are key elements in many video games.

For instance, real-time strategy and action games have been linked to enhanced attention control and working memory (Bediou et al., 2018). These are essential for students navigating high-stakes environments like chemistry labs or clinical simulations.

In a study published in Nature, researchers found that video game players had increased gray matter volume in regions of the brain associated with spatial navigation, memory formation, and strategic planning—key areas for medical learners (Kühn et al., 2014).

🔬 Video Games in Medical and Health Education

Gamified simulations are now being integrated into medical education to supplement traditional training. Here’s how video games are being used in health and science contexts:

  • Surgical training: Video games have been shown to improve hand-eye coordination and motor skills relevant to laparoscopic surgery (Rosser et al., 2007).
  • Emergency response: Games like Pulse!! help learners practice diagnosing and responding to medical emergencies in real-time (Kenny et al., 2007).
  • Mental health education: Games such as SPARX and Depression Quest simulate mental health conditions to build empathy and emotional resilience.

Even in undergraduate education, games like Foldit—a protein-folding game—allow players to contribute to real biomedical discoveries (Cooper et al., 2010).

🏥 Enhancing Science Identity and Health Literacy

Video games can also promote science identity—a student’s belief that they can “be a science person”—by making scientific thinking feel accessible and engaging. This is especially true for students from underrepresented backgrounds in STEM.

Health-themed games are being used to improve public health literacy. For example, Re-Mission gives players control over virtual immune cells to fight cancer, helping young patients better understand their treatments and feel empowered (Kato et al., 2008).

👩‍⚕️ Careers, Gamers, and Future Physicians

For pre-med and health sciences students, video gaming might seem unrelated to career goals—but it doesn’t have to be. Many medical schools are investing in simulation-based learning and virtual reality tools to train students in a low-risk, interactive environment.

Soft skills developed through gaming—such as persistence, collaboration, and systems thinking—are essential in healthcare. And for those passionate about both health and gaming, fields like medical simulation design or health tech are growing career paths.

🎓 Final Thoughts

Video games aren’t just entertainment—they’re engines of learning, especially when applied intentionally in medicine and science. Whether you’re training for surgery, learning anatomy, or just exploring science through simulation, don’t discount the power of play.

So next time you sit down with a controller or keyboard, know that you might be building the very skills that could one day save a life—or help you ace that biology exam.

📚 References

  • Bediou, B., Adams, D. M., Mayer, R. E., Tipton, E., Green, C. S., & Bavelier, D. (2018). Meta-analysis of action video game impact on perceptual, attentional, and cognitive skills. Psychological Bulletin, 144(1), 77–110. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000130
  • Cooper, S., Khatib, F., Treuille, A., et al. (2010). Predicting protein structures with a multiplayer online game. Nature, 466(7307), 756–760. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09304
  • Kato, P. M., Cole, S. W., Bradlyn, A. S., & Pollock, B. H. (2008). A video game improves behavioral outcomes in adolescents and young adults with cancer: A randomized trial. Pediatrics, 122(2), e305–e317. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-3134
  • Kenny, R. F., Andrews, G., Vignola, R., & Ritchie, D. (2007). Using a computer-based simulation game to improve learning in emergency response. Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning, 5(4), 291–305.
  • Kühn, S., Gleich, T., Lorenz, R. C., Lindenberger, U., & Gallinat, J. (2014). Playing Super Mario induces structural brain plasticity. Molecular Psychiatry, 19(2), 265–271. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2013.120
  • Rosser, J. C., Lynch, P. J., Cuddihy, L., et al. (2007). The impact of video games on training surgeons in the 21st century. Archives of Surgery, 142(2), 181–186. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.142.2.181

Dennis Boakye ’26 is a junior with a major in Neuroscience and a minor in Mathematics. He is also a co-president of the Neurolawrence Club and the Synthetic Biology Club, and the treasurer for the American Medical Student Association (AMSA, Lawrence Chapter) and the Black Student Union (BSU). Dennis is the current career peer educator for the Health and Medicinal Professions (HMP) and the Physical and Natural Sciences (PHN) career communities at Lawrence University. Connect with Dennis on LinkedIn.

Thinking Outside the Lab Coat: Exploring Entry-Level Research Roles in Industry

If you read our last post about academic research, you already know how valuable those entry-level roles can be for learning, growth, and discovery. But what if you’re someone who thrives on solving real-world problems with real-world outcomes? What if you want your research to leave the lab and make its way to hospitals, manufacturing lines, or even climate models?

That’s where industry research comes in.

Whether you’re passionate about pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, environmental science, or consumer health products, industry offers a wide spectrum of research roles that blend scientific rigor with direct application. And the best part? These positions are not just for people with advanced degrees or 10+ years of experience. They’re available to recent graduates, career explorers, and even undergrads seeking summer roles.

Let’s break down what entry-level industry research is all about—and why it might be the perfect fit for you.


So, What Counts as Industry Research?

Industry research happens outside of academic or government institutions. You’ll find these roles in:

  • Pharmaceutical companies (e.g., Pfizer, AbbVie, Novartis)
  • Biotech firms (e.g., Genentech, Illumina, Ginkgo Bioworks)
  • Environmental & sustainability companies
  • Medical device developers
  • Food & consumer goods (e.g., 3M, Procter & Gamble)
  • Clinical research organizations (CROs) like ICON, IQVIA, or Labcorp

Your job might involve testing new compounds, designing experiments for product development, supporting clinical trials, or analyzing large datasets to optimize a product.


How Does It Compare to Academic Research?

Let’s talk vibe.

AspectAcademic ResearchIndustry Research
PaceOften exploratory, longer timelinesFaster, goal-driven
FocusPublishing and generating new knowledgeProducing results with commercial or public impact
MentorshipClose work with faculty and grad studentsSupervision by team leads or project managers
FlexibilityUsually part-time or tied to the school yearOften full-time, structured shifts
FundingGrants and institutional budgetsCorporate R&D budgets
OutcomePublications, thesis, grantsPatents, prototypes, product launches

In short: academic research is great for foundational learning, but industry research puts your science to work—on timelines, with deliverables, and often with cross-disciplinary teams.


Why Start in Industry? Here Are the Perks

There’s a lot to love about getting your start in industry research:

  • 💼 More structured work environments: You’ll likely have defined hours, team roles, and training protocols.
  • 💰 Better starting salaries: Industry positions often pay more than academic RA roles, especially at full-time entry level.
  • 🚀 Clearer advancement tracks: Many companies offer professional development, internal mobility, and early promotion opportunities.
  • 🔬 Exposure to applied innovation: You’ll see how R&D leads to real products and solutions—fast.
  • 🧠 Transferable skills: Industry teaches project management, collaboration, and regulatory knowledge that’s invaluable across sectors.

Where Can Students Find Industry Roles?

You don’t need a foot in the door to start exploring. Here’s how students and grads are finding roles:

For Undergrads & Summer Seekers

Look into summer internships and co-ops at companies like:

Tip: Many of these open applications in fall and spring—so start early and set reminders!

For Seniors & Recent Grads

Check full-time listings like:

You can also filter listings on Handshake, LinkedIn, and Indeed by “entry level,” “research associate,” or “lab technician” + your interest area.


How to Stand Out When Applying

Whether you’re applying for a summer internship or a full-time role, here’s how to shine:

  • Customize your resume with action verbs and lab/project experience
  • Highlight soft skills like communication, adaptability, or teamwork
  • Learn the lingo—mention tools like ELNs, CRISPR, Python, or PCR (only if you’ve used them!)
  • Write a short, energetic cover letter that shows your enthusiasm for the company’s mission

And don’t underestimate your campus connections—ask your professors or career center if they know alumni in your target field.

Message From The Career Center

Whether you’re just starting to think about summer opportunities or have been searching with no luck—we’re here to help. The Career Center offers personalized support, and we’ve worked with tons of students in all kinds of situations.

Not sure where to start? Feeling stuck? We can help you:

✔️ Explore internship or job ideas
✔️ Polish your resume or cover letter
✔️ Navigate Handshake or other search tools
✔️ Make a plan that works for you

Our goal is to make things clearer, not more stressful.

📅 Book a time that works for you:  http://lawrence.joinhandshake.com/appointments/new

No pressure, just helpful conversation and actionable steps.


Final Thoughts: Industry Research = Science in Action

Here’s the truth: whether you end up in academia, clinical work, or the corporate world, entry-level industry research is one of the most dynamic ways to start your career. You’ll be immersed in teamwork, real data, and real impact. And yes—you’ll grow. A lot.

Whether you’re a curious sophomore looking for a summer experience or a senior thinking ahead to post-grad life, don’t overlook the world of industry. It’s where science meets speed. Ideas become innovations. And you? You become a researcher who makes things happen.

So go ahead—apply. Email that recruiter. Tweak that resume. Your future in research doesn’t have to be confined to the ivory tower. Sometimes, the best discoveries happen when you step outside the lab coat.

Dennis Boakye ’26 is a junior with a major in Neuroscience and a minor in Mathematics. He is also a co-president of the Neurolawrence Club and the Synthetic Biology Club, and the treasurer for the American Medical Student Association (AMSA, Lawrence Chapter) and the Black Student Union (BSU). Dennis is the current career peer educator for the Health and Medicinal Professions (HMP) and the Physical and Natural Sciences (PHN) career communities at Lawrence University. Connect with Dennis on LinkedIn.

How AI Can Help Launch Your Career in the Communications Field

As graduation approaches, many students aiming for careers in communications, journalism, publishing, marketing or other writing-intensive fields face a competitive job market. Leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) can streamline the job search process, from identifying potential employers to preparing for interviews.

Discovering Opportunities with AI

AI tools can assist in identifying organizations that align with your interests and values. For instance, platforms like ChatGPT can help you:

  • Generate lists of companies or publications in your desired field.
  • Analyze job descriptions to understand common requirements.

Additionally, AI-driven job boards can match your skills and preferences with suitable opportunities.

Researching Organizations

Understanding a company’s culture and values is crucial. AI can assist by summarizing information from company websites, news articles, and industry forums, providing insights into their communication strategies and recent initiatives.

Crafting Personalized Applications

AI can aid in drafting resumes and cover letters that highlight your relevant experiences and skills. By analyzing job descriptions, AI tools can suggest language that aligns with the organization’s requirements.

However, it’s essential to personalize AI-generated content to reflect your genuine voice and experiences. Recruiters can often detect generic applications, so infuse your materials with personal anecdotes and specific achievements.

Preparing for Interviews

AI-powered interview simulators can help you practice responses to common questions in the communications field, such as handling tight deadlines or managing editorial calendars. These tools can provide feedback on your answers, helping you refine your communication skills.

Furthermore, AI can analyze company communications and public relations materials to help you understand their messaging style and values, allowing you to tailor your responses accordingly.

Benefits and Considerations of Using AI

Benefits:

  • Efficiency: AI streamlines job search processes, saving time and effort.
  • Customization: Tailors applications to specific roles and organizations.
  • Preparation: Enhances interview readiness through simulated practice.

Considerations:

  • Authenticity: Ensure AI-generated content reflects your genuine voice and experiences.
  • Accuracy: Verify information provided by AI tools to avoid potential inaccuracies.
  • Overreliance: Use AI as a supplement to, not a replacement for, personal effort and judgment.

Conclusion

By thoughtfully integrating AI into your job search strategy, you can enhance your prospects in the communications sector. Remember, while AI offers valuable support, your passion, dedication, and personal insights are irreplaceable assets in pursuing a career that makes a meaningful difference.

🧪 So You Want to Do Research? Here’s How to Land an Entry-Level Role (and Why You Absolutely Can)


If you’re even thinking about research—whether in a biology lab, a clinical setting, a psychology department, or out in the field—you’re already asking the right questions. Entry-level academic research positions are one of the most accessible (and frankly, coolest) ways to get real-world experience after graduation. They teach you how science actually works, how discovery happens, and how teams solve problems when the answers aren’t in the back of the textbook.

But here’s the thing: research isn’t just for students with a 4.0 GPA or decades of lab experience. And it’s definitely not only for seniors. Whether you’re a curious first-year, a junior feeling behind, or a graduating senior wondering what’s next—you’ve got options. Let’s talk about how to get started and why these positions are worth exploring.


What Is an Entry-Level Research Role?

Entry-level research positions are essentially your gateway into the world of professional discovery. Common job titles include:

  • Research Assistant
  • Laboratory Technician
  • Clinical Research Coordinator
  • Undergraduate or Post-Bacc Fellow

These roles might involve organizing data, helping with lab experiments, assisting clinical teams, or reviewing academic literature. Some are hands-on in wet labs; others are more analytical and computer-based. Many are offered through universities, hospitals, nonprofit research institutes, or government agencies.


You Don’t Need a Perfect GPA—Really

“I probably can’t get a research job unless I have a 4.0.”
– Every student ever (who’s been misinformed)

That’s just not true.

While strong grades can help, many hiring managers care more about your curiosity, organization, and persistence. Some of the most effective researchers aren’t straight-A students—they’re the ones who ask great questions, troubleshoot patiently, and show up consistently.

So yes—apply, even if your GPA isn’t perfect. Your interest and attitude can go a long way.


How Students of Any Year Can Prepare

Whether you’re just starting college or approaching graduation, you can start laying the groundwork for a research career right now:

🎓 First-Years & Sophomores

Attend student research symposia or guest faculty talks. Ask questions. Join science or pre-health clubs. Take your lab classes seriously—they build your foundation and show future mentors you’re engaged.

🔬 Juniors

This is prime time to gain direct experience. Talk to professors about helping in their labs. Apply for summer programs like NSF REUs or SURF. Look for research-for-credit or independent study options.

🎓 Seniors & Recent Graduates

You’re in a great position to apply for full-time entry-level roles. These positions are often posted year-round. Use job boards like Indeed, LinkedIn Jobs, and Handshake to find them.


Where to Find Positions (And How to Stand Out)

Start with:

Also, don’t underestimate your own campus. Talk to your professors, department coordinators, or career center staff (book an appointment). Research roles are often filled internally before they’re posted publicly.

When applying:

  • Tailor your resume to highlight lab coursework, writing skills, or past internships
  • Write a brief, specific cover letter showing interest in that lab’s work
  • Ask for strong references from faculty who know your work ethic

A Few Real Examples (You Can Apply to Right Now)

Here are a few open roles (note: listings change fast, so check frequently):

Tip: Set up alerts on these platforms so you never miss a posting!


Real Talk: Research Isn’t Always Glamorous

There are days you’ll do repetitive data entry. There will be weeks when experiments fail. You might run the same protocol 20 times.

But there are also breakthrough moments. Times when you contribute to something no one’s ever known before. Times when your PI says, “This figure is going in the paper—and you’re listed as an author.”

The growth is real, and the impact is lasting.


✨ Your Next Chapter Starts Here

If you’re still wondering whether research is for you—let this be your sign: It is. The path to becoming a scientist, doctor, innovator, or data analyst often starts with a single role. One application. One professor who says yes.

You don’t have to have all the answers. You just need to be ready to ask great questions.

So take the leap. Hit submit. Reach out to that lab. Your journey of discovery is just beginning.

Dennis Boakye ’26 is a junior with a major in Neuroscience and a minor in Mathematics. He is also a co-president of the Neurolawrence Club and the Synthetic Biology Club, and the treasurer for the American Medical Student Association (AMSA, Lawrence Chapter) and the Black Student Union (BSU). Dennis is the current career peer educator for the Health and Medicinal Professions (HMP) and the Physical and Natural Sciences (PHN) career communities at Lawrence University. Connect with Dennis on LinkedIn.