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Informational Interview: Physician/Surgeon M.D.

Transcript Summary

Introduction and Background:

The conversation began with the interviewer (student) sharing their background as an international student from Ghana and a junior studying neuroscience at Lawrence University. The physician (interviewee) reflected on Lawrence University, praising the small, tight-knit academic environment that fosters intelligent and driven graduates, noting that it remains somewhat underrecognized.

Journey to Medicine and Surgery:

The physician shared his inspiration for entering medicine, rooted in a strong scientific background and maternal encouragement to pursue a meaningful career. After attending Lawrence, he completed majors in chemistry and biology, which helped prepare him for medical school. He later attended Washington University in St. Louis, where his hands-on, action-oriented personality led him to surgery. His choice of head and neck surgery stemmed from its wide range of possible specialties, from routine ENT work to advanced head and neck surgery, and the opportunity to combine multiple interests within a single field.

Academic and Professional Milestones:

He outlined his academic trajectory, from internships to advanced training at the NIH and UCLA, and discussed his work in private practice while balancing a teaching role and research. The physician also shared his involvement with the American Medical Association and the Computer Coding Committee in Washington, where he advocated for fair physician compensation.

Advice on Pursuing a Medical Career:

Recognizing the user’s interest in neurosurgery, the physician encouraged them to embrace research opportunities and aim for an MD/PhD path if possible. He underscored the significance of networking with top mentors who could support their application through recommendation letters and suggested considering Lawrence alumni connections for unique research or lab experiences outside the university.

Reflection and Tips

My informational interview with a physician-surgeon provided me with invaluable insights and reflections on my current path. As an international student from Ghana studying neuroscience, I have sought guidance from experienced professionals to better understand the rigorous journey to medical school and, ultimately, a career in surgery. This conversation clarified the many stages of preparation, from the academic to the personal, and underscored how experiences at Lawrence University might shape my goals.

Reflecting on the physician’s story, I felt both inspired and affirmed in my choice of studies and ambitions. He shared that his own journey began with the influential role his mother played in pushing him to consider a meaningful career—something I resonate with deeply. Having left home to pursue education abroad, I relate to his motivation and desire to make the most of available resources to succeed in a competitive field. The physician’s choice of surgery was particularly impactful, as it was shaped by a natural fit with his personality and his preference for hands-on, action-oriented work over a more traditional clinical setting. This aligns with my own interest in surgery, particularly neurosurgery, where I can imagine balancing my analytical skills with direct patient interventions in the operating room.

One of the most valuable takeaways was his emphasis on the importance of early preparation. He validated my decision to start exploring career paths as a junior, stressing how many students overlook this until later in their studies. His story of combining practical experience with a clear academic vision highlighted how deliberate planning and proactive engagement can make a significant difference when applying to medical programs.

His advice to seek research roles also resonated with my experiences. He detailed the importance of mentorship and networking, mentioning that a strong recommendation from a well-established professional could profoundly impact my application. Reflecting on my past summer research experiences, I feel a renewed drive to deepen connections with my mentors and seek further laboratory work, knowing that each of these interactions could form the foundation for future opportunities. The physician’s personal experience at Lawrence, where he ran his own lab with a government grant, highlighted the potential to gain unique experiences in less typical, resource-limited settings, an idea I find incredibly motivating.

An interesting and practical suggestion was to consider MD/PhD programs, given my research background and interest in neuroscience. The physician presented the MD/PhD path as a flexible option for those like myself who are drawn to both clinical and research aspects of medicine. His suggestion that Washington University, his alma mater, offers a strong MD/PhD program added a practical recommendation to my list of potential schools.

The conversation also gave me insight into potential challenges. The physician’s reflection on the systemic challenges in medicine today, from billing issues to reimbursement complications, was a sobering reminder that the field comes with its share of bureaucratic hurdles. He shared the importance of resilience in the face of these challenges, advising that finding a strong, supportive network of mentors and colleagues is vital to long-term satisfaction in the profession.

Ultimately, this interview left me feeling both excited and equipped to pursue the next steps toward a medical career. From researching lab positions outside of Lawrence to building relationships with mentors and considering an MD/PhD, I am motivated to refine my path further. The physician’s story exemplifies the value of strategic planning, resilience, and adaptability, qualities I am eager to embody as I move forward in my journey to medical school and beyond.

Dennis Boakye ’26 is a junior with a major in Neuroscience and a minor in Mathematics. He is also a co-president of the Neurolawrence Club and the Synthetic Biology Club and the treasurer for the American Medical Student Association (AMSA, Lawrence Chapter) and the Black Student Union (BSU). Dennis is the current career peer educator for the Health and Medicinal Professions (HMP) and the Physical and Natural Sciences (PHN) career communities at Lawrence University. Connect with Dennis on LinkedIn.

Pursuing a Career in Music Therapy

Hey there, future Music Therapists! Are you one of those people who believes in the healing power of music? Maybe you’ve experienced it yourself—how a certain song can lift your spirits, calm your nerves, or bring back cherished memories. Well, guess what? You can turn that passion into a rewarding career. Here’s a down-to-earth guide on how to become a music therapist and what to study in college to get there.

What is Music Therapy?

Music therapy is an established health profession in which music is used to address physical, emotional, cognitive, and social needs of individuals. Certified music therapists use the power of music to help clients improve their health and well-being. Music therapists design music sessions for individuals and groups based on client needs using music improvisation, receptive music listening, song writing, lyric discussion, music and imagery, music performance, and learning through music; participate in interdisciplinary treatment planning, ongoing evaluation, and follow up.

Why Choose Music Therapy?

Music therapy can be incredibly rewarding. You’ll have the chance to make a significant difference in people’s lives, helping them heal and grow through the universal language of music. Whether working with children with special needs, adults recovering from trauma, or seniors with Alzheimer’s, your work will have a profound impact.

So, if you’re passionate about music and want to help others, consider a career in music therapy. It’s a beautiful blend of art and science, offering both emotional fulfillment and professional satisfaction.

Things to Consider When Becoming a Music Therapist

Common College Majors:

While there is no one-size-fits-all path, here are some common and helpful majors:

  • Psychology: Understanding the human mind is crucial. Pair this with music courses.
  • Music Performance/Education: Focus on honing your musical skills while taking electives in psychology and health sciences.
  • Neuroscience or Biology: These majors provide a strong understanding of the biological aspects of therapy.

Complete an Internship:

  • As part of your degree, you’ll need to complete an internship under the supervision of a board-certified music therapist. This hands-on experience is invaluable.
  1. Consider Advanced Education:

Some music therapists go on to pursue a master’s or even a doctoral degree to specialize further and open up more career opportunities. Here are some graduate school programs you can consider:

  • Master of Arts in Music Therapy and Counseling: Programs like the one at Drexel University integrate advanced music therapy coursework with general counseling courses and hands-on clinical experience. This prepares graduates for various career paths in music therapy and counseling
  • Master of Education in Special Education with a focus on Music Therapy: Some universities offer specialized education degrees that include coursework in music therapy, such as Arizona State University and Grand Canyon University.
  • Master of Science in Music Therapy: Programs like the one at Sam Houston State University offer a master’s degree in music therapy for students with and without a bachelor’s degree in music therapy. These programs often include practicum or clinical supervision requirements.
  • Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Music Therapy: For those interested in advanced study and research, programs like the one at the Herron School of Art + Design offer a Ph.D. in music therapy, which can be completed online or on-campus.
  • Online Master’s Programs: Many universities now offer online master’s programs in music therapy, which can be a flexible option for students who need to balance work or other commitments.
  • When choosing a graduate program, make sure it is approved by the American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) to ensure it meets the necessary standards for certification and licensure.

Get Certified:

    • In the United States, you’ll need to pass the certification exam offered by the Certification Board for Music Therapists (CBMT) to become a board-certified music therapist (MT-BC).

    Online Sources:

    1. American Music Therapy Association
    2. Certification Board for Music Therapists
    3. National Institutes of Health on Music Therapy

    Art Therapy: A Path to Healing Through Creativity

    Art therapy is a unique and rewarding career that combines the creative process of making art with the therapeutic process of healing. Art therapists use their skills to help people express themselves, explore their emotions, and improve their mental health. Let’s dive into what art therapists do, who they work with, their work environment, and the education required to become one.

    Art therapists use various art forms, such as drawing, painting, sculpture, and collage, to help clients express their thoughts and feelings. They believe that the creative process can be a powerful tool for healing and personal growth. Here are some key tasks that art therapists perform:

    • Assessment: They evaluate clients’ needs and determine the best approach to therapy.
    • Therapeutic Sessions: They conduct individual or group sessions where clients create art to explore their emotions and experiences.
    • Interpretation: They help clients understand the meaning behind their artwork and how it relates to their feelings and behaviors.
    • Treatment Planning: They develop personalized treatment plans to address clients’ specific issues and goals.
    • Documentation: They keep detailed records of clients’ progress and sessions.

    Art therapists work with a diverse range of clients who experience a variety of challenges including:

    • Children and Adolescents: Helping young people cope with issues like trauma, anxiety, and behavioral problems.
    • Adults: Assisting individuals dealing with stress, depression, addiction, and other mental health challenges.
    • Elderly: Supporting seniors facing aging-related issues, such as dementia and loneliness.
    • Special Populations: Working with people with disabilities, chronic illnesses, or those who have experienced significant life changes.

    Art therapists work in various settings, including hospitals, schools, mental health clinics, in private practice, and in community centers.

    Becoming an art therapist requires a combination of education, training, and experience. Beginning in college, earning a bachelor’s degree in psychology and/or art is recommended. After completing your undergraduate degree, potential Art Therapists enroll in a master’s program in art therapy, which typically takes 2-3 years to complete. These programs include coursework in psychology, counseling, and art therapy techniques, as well as supervised clinical experience.

    The salary for art therapists in the United States can vary based on factors like experience, location, and the specific work setting. Entry-level Art therapists typically earn around $45,000 per year. Experienced Art Therapists (8+years) on average earn $65,000+ per year.

    Art therapy is a fulfilling career that allows you to combine your passion for art with a desire to help others. By guiding clients through the creative process, art therapists play a crucial role in promoting mental health and well-being. If you have a love for art and a commitment to helping people, this career might be the perfect fit for you.

    THE HOPES AND JOYS OF HOSPICE: CHAPTER 2 – THE VOLUNTEERING PROCESS

    Congratulations, you are now a hospice volunteer or thinking about volunteering at a hospice center in a hospital or clinic. Here comes the ‘now what?’ questions. What do you do and do not do on your shift? What do you say and not say? Where do you go and not go? And how do you do it? Most of these questions and more might/will have already been answered in the training sessions. But the most important questions would be ‘Why?’ and again ‘How’. Why is it important to volunteer at a hospice center and how do you even volunteer?

    Let us begin by starting to think about delivery as a volunteer. Note that a hospice volunteer is a person who will not only keep the company of patients but also ensure and support the nurses and workers in the vicinity. The truth is that most hospice volunteers do not have a planned duty like other volunteering opportunities have set out. This does not mean that there are no tasks for volunteers in hospice centers. Hospice facilities need volunteers around not just because of the experiences volunteers will gain, which includes direct patient contact, but also because volunteers are essential for institutions like clinics and hospitals to maintain the communal and friendly environment needed for patients to not feel burdened or stressed emotionally and mentally.

    Volunteers are essential in hospice centers as they offer compassionate support to patients and their families during some of the most difficult times. They provide companionship, emotional comfort, and practical help, significantly improving the quality of life of patients. By alleviating loneliness and isolation, volunteers create a vital human connection that enhances emotional well-being. They engage in activities like reading, conversing, and offering a comforting presence, which can be deeply soothing for patients and their loved ones.

    Hospitals and hospice centers often face significant resource limitations, and volunteers help address critical care gaps. By handling non-medical tasks, volunteers allow nurses and other healthcare professionals to concentrate on specialized medical care. They assist with administrative duties, run errands, or offer respite care, giving family members a much-needed break. This support is vital to maintaining an efficient and responsive healthcare environment. Moreover, volunteers bring diverse skills and perspectives, enriching the care setting with their unique talents.

    The involvement of volunteers in hospice care highlights a community’s dedication to supporting its members and promoting a sense of unity and care. Volunteers frequently become advocates for hospice services in their communities, raising awareness and fostering a culture of compassion and empathy. Their contributions extend beyond immediate care to support the broader mission of hospice centers, which is to deliver holistic, patient-centered care. By bridging the gap between professional healthcare and the personal touch of community care, volunteers ensure that patients receive comprehensive support that meets both their physical and emotional needs.

    Despite all these fully structured and well-formatted duties of volunteers, there is still some randomness to being a hospice volunteer. Each hospice patient has unique needs and emotional challenges, so volunteers need to be flexible and ready to adapt. They also need to empathize with both the patient and their caregiver, adjusting their support as situations change. This ability to adapt and empathize highlights how vital volunteers are in hospice care. They face different challenges and emotions daily, requiring them to be emotionally intelligent and resilient. By meeting these varying needs, volunteers help ensure patients feel comfortable and respected during their final days.

    In summary, hospice volunteers are incredibly important. They improve the quality of life for terminally ill patients and help professional staff by taking on non-medical tasks. Their compassionate presence and adaptability show the community’s commitment to caring for its members. Volunteers provide a crucial bridge between clinical care and personal connection, making sure patients receive comprehensive support for both their physical and emotional needs. Through their dedication and empathy, volunteers significantly impact the lives of patients and their families.

    Dennis Boakye ’26 is a rising junior with a major in Neuroscience and a minor in Mathematics. He is also a co-president of the Neurolawrence Club and the Synthetic Biology Club and the treasurer for the American Medical Student Association (AMSA, Lawrence Chapter) and the Black Student Union (BSU). Dennis is the current career peer educator for the Health and Medicinal Professions (HMP) and the Physical and Natural Sciences (PHN) career communities at Lawrence University. Connect with Dennis on LinkedIn.

    NATIONAL LABS IN THE UNITED STATES (WITH REVIEW)

    There are 17 Department of Energy (DOE) national labs in the US, each dedicated to discovering, synthesizing, and manipulating scientific data and findings. Below is a brief review of 10 national labs, along with links to their job openings and undergraduate programs.

    1. Ames National Laboratory

    Ames National Lab, an Iowa-based institution, conducts both fundamental and applied research that helps the world better understand chemistry, physics, and materials science. It is operated by Iowa State University under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy. They also have an internship program called the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships (SULI) program. This is a premier Department of Energy internship designed to bring undergraduates into the laboratory research setting at Ames National Laboratory and Iowa State University to work with scientists who are leaders in their research fields (Link To Their Undergraduate Internship).

    Check out Their Website for more information: https://www.ameslab.gov/

    2. Argonne National Laboratory

    Argonne is a multidisciplinary science and engineering research center, where talented scientists and engineers work together to answer the biggest questions facing humanity, from how to obtain affordable clean energy to protecting ourselves and our environment. It is found in Chicago, leading discovery and power innovation in a wide range of core scientific capabilities, from high-energy physics and materials science to biology and advanced computer science. (Check out their job openings: Here). They also have solid programs for undergraduates during the summer and within the academic year ( Click here to Check it out).

    Also check out their website for more information: https://www.anl.gov/

    3. Brookhaven National Laboratory

    Brookhaven National Laboratory applies its expertise and world-class facilities to pressing scientific questions about everything from the fundamental forces of nature to the complex interactions of ecosystems and the environment. Located in Upton, New York, Brookhaven National Lab excels in designing, constructing, and operating large-scale, cutting-edge research facilities—some of which are unavailable anywhere else in the world. Among Brookhaven Lab’s current initiatives are nuclear science, energy science, data science, particle physics, accelerator science and technology, quantitative plant science, and quantum information. Check out their amazing educational programs on their website. Check out their undergraduate programs: Here

    Fun Fact: They collect and study data from a Large Hadron Collider, the world’s most powerful particle accelerator, and use the collected data to explore the laws of physics at subatomic scales, test predictions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and search for signs of new particles and forces (Cool!! Read more here)

    Check out their website for more information: https://www.bnl.gov/world/

    4. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

    Fermilab is America’s particle physics and accelerator laboratory. Their vision is to solve the mysteries of matter, energy, space, and time for the benefit of all. They strive to lead the world in neutrino science with particle accelerators, lead the nation in the development of particle colliders and their use for scientific discovery, and advance particle physics through measurements of the cosmos. They are found in Batavia, Illinois (on a 6,800-acre site) and managed by the Fermi Research Alliance LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. They also have over 2,000 employees ranging from engineers to administrative professionals (Check out their job openings: Here).

    Also check out their website for more information: https://www.fnal.gov/

    5. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    Lawrence Berkeley National Lab is managed by the University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science. Their core values are team science (solutions to complex problems), service, trust, innovation, and respect. Their mission is to expand the frontiers of knowledge and deliver solutions for science and humankind. The lab is located on Cyclotron Road, Berkeley. CA. They have approximately 16,350 researchers worldwide who use their facility, and about 1,800 scientists and engineers work in the facility. Check out their Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI). They also partner with the Joint BioEnergy Institute to offer undergraduate research opportunities. (Read more)

    Check out their website for more information: https://www.lbl.gov/

    6. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL’s)

    Oak Ridge National Laboratory was established in 1943 as part of the Manhattan Project and is building on a legacy of discovery and innovation to continually address the most urgent research and development (R&D) needs. They deliver scientific discoveries and technical breakthroughs needed to realize solutions in energy and national security and provide economic benefit to the nation. They address national needs through impactful research and world-leading research centers. ORNL’s world-class scientific user facilities are available to users from universities, industry, and other institutions. Here are their facilities: • Building Technologies Research and Integration Center • Carbon Fiber Technology Facility • Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences • High Flux Isotope Reactor • Manufacturing Demonstration Facility • National Transportation Research Center • Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility • Spallation Neutron Source. Check out their educational programs (Here)

    Fun Fact: They organize the annual JUMP (Join the discussion, Unveil innovation, Make connections, Promote tech-to-market) STEM competition for undergraduate and graduate students at US colleges and universities (Read More)

    Check out their website for more information: https://www.orni.gov

    7. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a different kind of national lab that advances the frontiers of knowledge, taking on some of the world’s greatest science and technology challenges. They have distinctive strengths in chemistry, Earth sciences, biology, and data science which are central to their scientific discovery mission. Their research lays a foundation for innovations that advance sustainable energy through decarbonization and energy storage and enhance national security through nuclear materials and threat analyses. PNNL collaborates with academia in fundamental research and with industry to transition technologies to market. Their researchers accept great challenges such as unlocking the mysteries of Earth’s climate, helping modernize the U.S. electric power grid, or safeguarding ports around the world from nuclear smuggling, for one purpose: to create a world that is safer, cleaner, more prosperous, and more secure. Each year they welcome over 1,500 interns from across the nation to join internship and research associate opportunities that open pathways for a variety of STEM careers in basic science, clean energy, national security, and more. Learn more about these opportunities that are available throughout the year and how they help their interns grow their network to position them for future success (Here)

    Also check out their website for more information: https://www.pnnl.gov/

     8. Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL)

    This multimillion-dollar building will serve as an international hub of fusion research and a platform for new programs. Its modern and efficient design will support the Lab’s expanded scientific mission in microelectronics, quantum materials and devices, and sustainability science. They are studying ways to remove fossil fuels from industrial and manufacturing processes to contribute to a Net-Zero America, contributing to a sustainable future. They also strive to understand plasma from the lab to the cosmos, and for good reason: plasma, the fuel of fusion, makes up 99% of the visible universe, exploring the universe and beyond. Year-round internships are available, both paid and for credit – for students at 4-year and 2-year institutions. Work closely with a scientist or engineer on a cutting-edge project. Join Them! They also have a Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI), program.

    Also check out their website for more information: https://www.pppl.gov/

     9. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory

    Their mission is to explore how the universe works at the biggest, smallest, and fastest scales and invent powerful tools used by scientists around the globe. Their research helps solve real-world problems and advances the interests of the nation. They are known for leading large-scale science projects, and we welcome scientists to use their X-rays, lasers, and electron beams for groundbreaking experiments. SLAC’s vision is to open new windows to the natural world and build a brighter future through discovery and innovation. They live by the values of excellence (being at high standards), integrity (being accountable), collaboration (being committed to the collective success of SLAC), respect, and creativity (exploring new ideas with courage). They have a workforce of nearly 1,700 creative, diverse, and united employees (Check out SLAC’s job openings Here). SLAC offers a variety of internship opportunities along with mentorship opportunities created to help students be successful in their career interests (Check Them out)

    Also check out their website for more information: https://www6.slac.stanford.edu/

    10.   Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory

    Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory lab capitalizes on its unique technologies and expertise to perform advanced computing and applied research with industry and university partners, and provides programs designed to help educate the next generation in science and technology. Scientists worldwide utilize the lab’s unique particle accelerator, known as the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF), to probe the most basic building blocks of matter – helping us to better understand these particles and the forces that bind them – and ultimately our world. One of their mission is to deliver discovery-caliber research by exploring the atomic nucleus and its fundamental constituents, including precise tests of their interactions. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility is entering an exciting period of mission growth and is seeking new team members ready to apply their skills and passion to have an impact (Check out their job openings here) They also have programs for undergraduates, which are mostly internships and other opportunities for students to get involved (Here). You can also check their website for more information: https://www.jlab.org/

    Here are the links to the other National Labs in the United States:

    11. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

    12. Sandia National Laboratory

    13. Idaho National Laboratory

    14 . Los Alamos National Laboratory

    15. National Energy Technology Laboratory

    16. National Renewable Energy Laboratory

    17. Savannah River National Laboratory

    Dennis Boakye ’26 is a rising junior with a major in Neuroscience and a minor in Mathematics. He is also a co-president of the Neurolawrence Club and the Synthetic Biology Club and the treasurer for the American Medical Student Association (AMSA, Lawrence Chapter) and the Black Student Union (BSU). Dennis is the current career peer educator for the Health and Medicinal Professions (HMP) and the Physical and Natural Sciences (PHN) career communities at Lawrence University. Connect with Dennis on LinkedIn.

    THE HOPES AND JOYS OF HOSPICE: CHAPTER 1 – THE APPLICATION PROCESS

    What comes into your mind when you hear hospice? Do you get scared, sad, anxious, happy, optimistic, or worried? Try to imagine how a volunteer talks to a patient, creates bonds, and shares memories in a day, only to find out the next day that their lovely friend is no longer in this world. As sad as it might sound, it is also fulfilling to know that the friend is now relieved of their immeasurable pain. Volunteers at hospice centers go through this cycle over and over again rejecting their own self-worth and accepting that of the patient. What, therefore, is the essence of being a hospice volunteer?

    However, the true essence of being a hospice volunteer goes beyond the simple application process. It requires immense compassion, empathy, and a willingness to confront the fragility of life. It is a journey of self-discovery, where volunteers learn to cherish every moment and provide comfort to those in their final days, finding fulfillment in the profound impact they have on the lives of others.

    Becoming a volunteer typically involves straightforward steps. The first step will be to research hospitals or clinics with hospice facilities where you can volunteer. Some hospice facilities have different roles or duties for hospice volunteers that may range from spending time with a hospice patient to recording the testimonials or life stories of patients. You may also be assigned to work as a front desk assistant, welcoming and guiding families and patients.

    After conducting thorough research on the facility and the hospital or clinic, the next step is to understand the requirements and application process. As mentioned earlier, most volunteer applications are not as complicated as those for scholarships or internships. There are two options available to apply: speaking directly with a representative from the institution or completing an application online or in a soft copy format. It is more advised to reach out to someone in the institution, to get a sense of the people and the environment.

    The subsequent actions are contingent upon the previously mentioned steps. A scenario for each choice will be more valuable than relying on assumptions. The first scenario is dependent on the option of reaching out to a representative. After reaching out to a representative, and asking for more information and clarification, you will be informed to complete an online application if applicable. In the second scenario, a representative is reached out to after completing the online application if also applicable. Review of your application should take less than a week for which a representative will reach out.

    As most hospice centers need volunteers to aid patients’ well-being as well as contribute to the well-being of the center, applicants are more likely to be accepted than rejected. This was proven in a study by Vanderstichelen et al, where they surveyed 342 healthcare organizations in Belgium using a self-developed questionnaire. Their results showed that 80% of the organizations (only 254 responded) have volunteers who provide direct patient care. Some of the tasks of volunteers in healthcare organizations ranged from psychological to existential care tasks. They concluded that most organizations, like hospitals and clinics, emphasize the necessity of volunteer support and training, and organizational coordination of recruitment efforts (Vanderstichelen, S., Houttekier, D., Cohen, J., Wesemael, Y. V., Deliens, L., & Chambaere, K. (2018). Palliative care volunteerism across the healthcare system: A survey study. Palliative Medicine, 32(7), 1233-1245).

    The next and final steps depend solely on the institution. A training session could be organized or not depending on the plan of the institution. Once all the requirements and documentation are completed and all the needed materials, along with supplementary ones have been received, determining your volunteer hours will be next. This step is optional and can be skipped if the service hours are known or determined already. One thing to consider is the location of the facility or institution and the means of getting there. Calculating the time spent on the road and in the vicinity is important when choosing a mode of transportation.

    Dennis Boakye ’26 is a rising junior with a major in Neuroscience and a minor in Mathematics. He is also a co-president of the Neurolawrence Club and the Synthetic Biology Club and the treasurer for the American Medical Student Association (AMSA, Lawrence Chapter) and the Black Student Union (BSU). Dennis is the current career peer educator for the Health and Medicinal Professions (HMP) and the Physical and Natural Sciences (PHN) career communities at Lawrence University. Connect with Dennis on LinkedIn.